Hard Power · Strategic Infrastructure · Communications & Digital Infrastructure

Subsea Cables & International Gateways

Subsea cables and international gateways covers international connectivity infrastructure, including submarine cable systems and their landing stations, cross-border terrestrial fibre links, international gateway facilities, and commercial satellite gateways and teleports.

Developments: 6721850 to June 2026
With medium: 711461 very high
Nations: 185
Unverified: 6200 verified

Timeline

Every development graded as belonging to this capability, wherever it is kept: very high (about it), high (directly and substantially changes it), medium (a direct, material effect on it). A model gave the grades, reading each entry against the framework. A structured starting point, not a cited record. An entry marked unverified has not been checked against a source; tiers are assigned by a model and are not comparable between nation and capability timelines.

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